Digital Certificate and Ownership Policy

Last updated: 18 August 2026

What the digital certificate proves, how ownership is recorded and verified, and the limits of that record.

Section 1 — Purpose and Scope

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this Policy is to regulate the Digital Certificate system relating to Digital Collectible Assets offered on the DaDa Design Platform, Registered Ownership (Ownership) records, the legal nature of the certificate, and the principles governing the creation, updating and transfer of ownership records.

1.2 Scope

This Policy covers the rules relating to Digital Collectible Assets, Digital Certificates, Ownership records, Asset ID records, Ownership ID records, transfer of registered ownership, updating of system records and verification processes.

1.3 Legal Nature

This Policy regulates the operation of the record system created by DaDa Design. Unless expressly agreed otherwise in writing, the provisions of this Policy do not constitute a transfer of copyright, economic rights or other intellectual property rights.

1.4 Relationship with Other Legal Documents

This Policy applies together with the Terms of Use, Distance Sales and Digital Collectible Delivery Agreement, Intellectual Property & Licensing Policy, Payment Policy and Privacy Policy. In the event of any discrepancy, the provision most appropriate to the specific case shall apply, without prejudice to mandatory provisions of applicable law.

1.5 Fundamental Principle

Digital Certificates and Ownership records created within the DaDa Design system indicate the registered ownership of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset in the system. A Digital Certificate or Ownership record does not, by itself, mean that authorship, copyright, economic rights or other intellectual property rights have been transferred. Records, certificates or similar documents created outside the DaDa Design system are not accepted by the Operator as official Ownership records.

1.6 Purpose of the Policy

This Policy aims to ensure secure tracking of registered ownership of Digital Collectible Assets, preserve the reliability of the Digital Certificate system, standardize registered-ownership transfers, ensure the accuracy of system records and reduce disputes that may arise between users.

Section 2 — Definitions

2.1 Digital Certificate

Digital Certificate means the electronic verification record issued by DaDa Design showing the registered ownership (Ownership), verification information and system records of a specific Digital Collectible Asset.

2.2 Registered Ownership (Ownership)

Registered Ownership (Ownership) means the registered owner of a specific Digital Collectible Asset in the DaDa Design system. Registered ownership does not, by itself, constitute a transfer of authorship, copyright, economic rights or other intellectual property rights.

2.3 Ownership ID

Ownership ID means the unique identification number generated by the DaDa Design system to identify registered ownership. The Ownership ID may be updated when Ownership changes.

2.4 Asset ID

Asset ID means the unique registration number created only once for each Digital Collectible Asset and identifying that asset. The Asset ID does not change for as long as the relevant Digital Collectible Asset continues to exist.

2.5 Original Digital File

Original Digital File means the high-resolution or original digital version of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset delivered to its registered owner after purchase. This definition does not include preview images (thumbnails), low-resolution samples or technical verification images.

2.6 Author

Author means the natural person who created the relevant Digital Collectible Asset. The status of Author does not change when registered ownership (Ownership) is transferred.

2.7 Copyright Holder

Copyright Holder means the natural or legal person holding copyright in the relevant Digital Collectible Asset. Unless expressly agreed otherwise in writing, transfer of registered ownership does not change copyright ownership.

2.8 Record System

Record System means the electronic record system created by DaDa Design in which Ownership, Asset ID, Ownership ID, Digital Certificate and other verification information relating to Digital Collectible Assets are maintained.

2.9 Official Transfer Process

Official Transfer Process means the transfer of registered ownership (Ownership) to a new registered owner after completion of the procedures and technical steps determined by DaDa Design. Transactions carried out outside the system are not, by themselves, regarded as official transfers.

2.10 Platform

Platform means the website operated by DaDa Design, mobile applications and all related digital services.

2.11 Verification Timestamp

Verification Timestamp means the date and time at which the Digital Certificate or Ownership record was created or most recently updated by the DaDa Design system.

Section 3 — Legal Nature of the Digital Certificate

3.1 Purpose of the Digital Certificate

The Digital Certificate is issued to show the registered ownership (Ownership), verification information and system records of a specific Digital Collectible Asset in the DaDa Design record system.

3.2 Evidentiary Nature

To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Digital Certificate constitutes an electronic verification record concerning registered ownership of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset in the DaDa Design record system.

3.3 Independence from Copyright

The Digital Certificate does not, by itself, transfer authorship, copyright, economic rights, trademark rights or other intellectual property rights and may not be interpreted as transferring such rights.

3.4 Verification of Ownership

The Digital Certificate serves only to verify Ownership information recorded in the DaDa Design record system. Such verification shows that the relevant records exist in the system; it is not an absolute and conclusive certificate of title in respect of ownership, copyright or other proprietary or intellectual rights.

3.5 Official Certificates

Only Digital Certificates issued by DaDa Design and verifiable in the record system are accepted as official certificates. Documents, certificates, records or similar materials created or modified outside the Operator do not create a valid Ownership record for DaDa Design. The Operator reserves the right to change the form, appearance, information contained in or verification methods of the Digital Certificate for security, verification or technical reasons; such changes do not, by themselves, affect the legal nature of registered ownership.

3.6 Interpretation of the Certificate

The Digital Certificate may not be interpreted as transferring or licensing any right not expressly granted under this Policy or the other legal documents.

3.7 Assessment Together with Other Documents

The Digital Certificate is not assessed in isolation. Its legal consequences are assessed together with the Terms of Use, Distance Sales and Digital Collectible Delivery Agreement and Intellectual Property & Licensing Policy.

Section 4 — Registered Ownership (ownership) System

4.1 Creation of the Ownership Record

Registered ownership (Ownership) of a Digital Collectible Asset arises when the purchase is successfully completed, payment is approved and the relevant record is created in the DaDa Design record system.

4.2 Nature of the Ownership Record

The Ownership record means the registered-ownership information maintained in the DaDa Design record system. It does not, by itself, mean that authorship, copyright, economic rights or other intellectual property rights have been transferred.

4.3 Single Registered Owner Principle

Unless expressly stated otherwise, only one (1) registered owner (Ownership Holder) may exist at the same time for each Digital Collectible Asset in the DaDa Design record system. An Ownership record may not be divided, shared or created simultaneously in the names of more than one person, except within a special system or service expressly offered in writing by the Operator.

4.4 Updating the Ownership Record

Changes in registered-ownership information take effect only upon completion of the official transfer process determined by DaDa Design and updating of the system records.

4.5 Primacy of System Records

For DaDa Design, valid registered ownership is the current Ownership record in the DaDa Design record system. Where system records and user statements differ, system records shall prevail until the contrary is proven.

4.6 Limits of Registered Ownership

An Ownership record permits only the exercise of rights expressly specified in this Policy and the other legal documents and may not be interpreted as transferring or granting any right not expressly regulated in those documents.

4.7 Record Security

The Operator may apply reasonable technical and administrative security measures to protect the accuracy and integrity of Ownership records. Such measures may be updated from time to time for security, system-integrity or legal-compliance reasons.

Section 5 — Asset ID and Ownership ID System

5.1 Creation of Asset ID

DaDa Design creates a unique Asset ID for each Digital Collectible Asset. Each Asset ID represents only one Digital Collectible Asset.

5.2 Immutability of Asset ID

The Asset ID represents the identity of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset and is not changed unless technically necessary. Ownership changes do not mean that the Asset ID changes. In exceptional cases where an Asset ID must be changed for technical or legal reasons, the link between the previous and new records is preserved in the DaDa Design record system and the change does not mean that the identity of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset has changed.

5.3 Creation of Ownership ID

Ownership ID is unique record information generated by the DaDa Design record system to indicate the registered owner of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset.

5.4 Updating Ownership ID

Ownership ID may be updated when registered ownership (Ownership) is duly transferred. Updating the Ownership ID does not, by itself, mean that copyright or other intellectual property rights have been transferred.

5.5 Relationship Between Asset ID and Ownership ID

Asset ID identifies the Digital Collectible Asset, while Ownership ID indicates its current registered owner. These two records have independent legal functions and do not replace one another.

5.6 Updating System Records

Changes relating to Ownership ID take effect only upon completion of the official transfer process determined by DaDa Design and updating of the record system.

5.7 Unauthorized Interference

Users or third parties may not alter, delete, manipulate or misleadingly create Asset IDs, Ownership IDs, Digital Certificate records or verification records.

5.8 Legal Nature of Records

Asset ID and Ownership ID records are integral parts of the DaDa Design record system and are treated as electronic records to the extent permitted by applicable law.

Section 6 — Issuance of the Digital Certificate

6.1 Issuance of the Certificate

Where the necessary conditions are met, the Operator may create a Digital Certificate for the relevant Digital Collectible Asset and enter it in the record system. Creation of the Digital Certificate does not eliminate the Operator’s rights arising from this Policy or the other legal documents.

6.2 Conditions for Issuance

As a rule, a Digital Certificate may be issued after completion of the purchase, finalization/approval of payment, creation of the relevant records and completion of system checks. The Operator may delay issuance for a reasonable period due to security, technical review or legal requirements.

6.3 Certificate Content

To the extent determined by the Operator, the Digital Certificate may contain one or more of the following: name of the Digital Collectible Asset, Asset ID, Ownership ID, certificate number, verification date, registration date, registered-owner information, verification link and other verification information. The Operator may change certificate content in line with security needs, technical developments or service changes.

6.4 Certificate Format

The Digital Certificate may be created, stored, displayed or verified electronically. The Operator reserves the right to change its presentation format, design or verification methods.

6.5 Updating the Certificate

The Digital Certificate may be updated due to an Ownership change, record correction, technical update, security requirement or legal reason. An updated certificate does not erase the legal history of previous records. To the extent possible, the updated certificate replaces the previous certificate and is accepted as the official certificate valid in the DaDa Design record system.

6.6 Correction of the Certificate

The Operator may correct the Digital Certificate where there is an obvious material error, technical error, record error or legal requirement. Corrections are entered into the record system to the extent possible.

6.7 Legal Value of the Certificate

The Digital Certificate has effect only within the scope specified in this Policy and the other legal documents. Issuing or updating the certificate does not, by itself, grant the User any right not expressly recognized in those documents.

Section 6 — Issuance of the Digital Certificate (repeated in Source)

6.1 Issuance of the Certificate

6.2 Conditions for Issuance

As a rule, a Digital Certificate may be issued after completion of the purchase, finalization of the payment transaction, creation of the relevant records and completion of system checks. The Operator may delay issuance for a reasonable period due to security, technical review or legal requirements.

6.3 Certificate Content

6.4 Certificate Format

The Digital Certificate may be created, stored, displayed or verified electronically. The Operator reserves the right to change its presentation format, design or verification methods.

6.5 Updating the Certificate

6.6 Correction of the Certificate

6.7 Legal Value of the Certificate

Section 7 — Transfer of Registered Ownership (ownership)

7.1 General Principle

Registered Ownership (Ownership) may be transferred only within the official transfer process determined by DaDa Design and in accordance with the conditions specified in this Policy and the other legal documents.

7.2 Validity of Transfer

An Ownership transfer takes effect only when the transfer is completed through the DaDa Design system, the necessary system records are updated and a new Ownership record is created. Transactions carried out before these conditions are completed are not accepted by DaDa Design as official Ownership transfers. The Operator may temporarily suspend, reject or hold a transfer pending review where there is a legal dispute, security risk, suspicion of fraud, court decision or obligation arising from applicable law.

7.3 Updating Ownership ID

After completion of a valid transfer, the Ownership ID may be updated. Updating the Ownership ID does not mean that the Asset ID changes.

7.4 Updating the Digital Certificate

Upon completion of the Ownership transfer, the Digital Certificate may be updated. The current certificate shows the valid Ownership record in the DaDa Design record system.

7.5 Rights of the Transferring User

Upon completion of the Ownership transfer, the transferring User’s rights of use under this Policy in relation to the relevant Digital Collectible Asset terminate. The transferring User may no longer reproduce, distribute or license the relevant asset or exercise rights not held under this Policy. This does not eliminate rights and obligations arising from applicable law.

7.6 Rights of the Transferee User

Upon completion of the Ownership transfer, the transferee User becomes subject to the rights and obligations specified in this Policy and the other legal documents. The transferee does not acquire any right that the transferor did not hold or that is not expressly recognized in those documents.

7.7 Status of Copyright

An Ownership transfer does not, by itself, transfer authorship, copyright, economic rights, trademark rights or other intellectual property rights. Unless expressly agreed otherwise in writing, such rights remain with the relevant right holder.

Section 8 — Transfer of the Original Digital File

8.1 General Principle

Where an Ownership transfer is completed in the DaDa Design record system, the original digital file of the relevant Digital Collectible Asset may be transferred to the new registered owner.

8.2 Condition for Transfer

The original digital file is transferred only after completion of a valid Ownership transfer. Transactions carried out outside the system do not, by themselves, require redelivery of the file.

8.3 Termination of the Transferring User’s Right of Use

Upon completion of the Ownership transfer, the transferring User’s rights of use in relation to the relevant Digital Collectible Asset terminate. Unless expressly permitted by this Policy or the other legal documents, the transferring User may not use, reproduce, distribute, make available to third parties or recirculate the relevant asset. Updating the Ownership record does not mean that the sale agreement, payment or other legal relationship between the parties has been verified, guaranteed or approved by the Operator.

8.4 Right of Use of the Transferee User

Upon completion of the Ownership transfer, the transferee User may benefit from the rights specified in this Policy and the other legal documents. The transferee is not deemed to have acquired copyright or other intellectual property rights that were not expressly transferred.

8.5 Delivery and Non-Retention of the File

After delivery is completed, the Operator is not required to retain the original digital file permanently. Unless expressly undertaken under this Policy, the Distance Sales and Digital Collectible Delivery Agreement or applicable law, the Operator is not obliged to enable re-download, redelivery or renewed access to a delivered digital file.

8.6 User’s Storage Responsibility

The User is responsible for securely storing, backing up and protecting the original digital file. Subject to mandatory law, the Operator is not responsible where the User cannot access the file after delivery due to the User’s own fault, negligence, device failure, data loss or similar reasons.

8.7 Disputes

Where there is a legal dispute concerning an Ownership transfer, suspicion of fraud, security risk, court decision or obligation arising from applicable law, the Operator may temporarily suspend transfer of the original digital file until the review is concluded.

Section 9 — Termination of Registered Ownership

9.1 General Principle

Registered ownership (Ownership) terminates when the Digital Collectible Asset is duly transferred to another person under this Policy.

9.2 Termination of Rights of Use

When Ownership terminates, the previous registered owner’s rights of use under this Policy in relation to the relevant Digital Collectible Asset also terminate. The Operator has no obligation to provide the original digital file again, reopen it for download or redeliver it to the User whose Ownership has ended.

9.3 Status of the Digital Certificate

When Ownership terminates, the Digital Certificate belonging to the previous registered owner ceases to be a valid certificate in the DaDa Design record system. The Digital Certificate created or updated in connection with the current Ownership record shall prevail.

9.4 Subsequent Claims

Unless otherwise agreed in writing, a person whose Ownership has ended may not claim rights over registered ownership, a valid Digital Certificate or the rights of use recognized in this Policy.

9.5 Reserved Rights

This Section does not eliminate legal liabilities that may have arisen before the Ownership transfer or rights and obligations arising from applicable law.

Section 10 — Updating and Correction of Records

10.1 Authority to Update

The Operator may make necessary updates to Ownership records, Asset ID records, Ownership ID records, Digital Certificate records and other system records under this Policy, the other legal documents and applicable law.

10.2 Grounds for Updating

Records may be updated due to Ownership transfer, correction of record information, obvious material error, technical error, security requirements, court decision, administrative-authority decision, obligations arising from applicable law or system improvements.

10.3 Record Corrections

The Operator may correct relevant records where an obvious material error or technical error is identified in the record system. Corrections are entered into the system records to the extent possible.

10.4 Validity of Updated Records

Updated Ownership records and Digital Certificates are accepted as valid records in the DaDa Design record system from the date of update. Updating or reissuing a Digital Certificate does not mean that the Original Digital File will be redelivered.

10.5 Record History

The Operator may retain previous record information or record history to the extent considered necessary for security, verification, audit or legal obligations. Retention of such records does not mean that the delivered original digital file is retained or will be redelivered, nor may it be interpreted as reinstating a previous Ownership record or restoring validity to a previous Digital Certificate.

10.6 Technical Updates

The Operator may make changes to the record system for system security, technical infrastructure, verification methods or service development. Such changes do not, by themselves, eliminate rights expressly recognized to the User under this Policy.

Section 11 — Invalid and Unauthorized Transfers

11.1 General Principle

Transactions carried out outside the official transfer process specified in this Policy and the other legal documents are not accepted by DaDa Design as valid Ownership transfers.

11.2 Off-Platform Transfers

Users may also carry out transactions concerning transfer of registered ownership (Ownership) of Digital Collectible Assets outside the Platform. Sales, transfers or other legal transactions carried out outside the Platform create a legal relationship between the parties. The Operator is not a party to such transactions and is not responsible for the sale price, payment method, contractual terms or disputes between the parties. At the parties’ request and after completion of the verification procedures determined by the Operator, the Ownership record and Digital Certificate may be updated.

11.2.1 Request to Update Ownership

Following an off-Platform transfer, complete submission of information and documents requested by the Operator may be required before the Ownership record can be updated. The Operator reserves the right to request additional information and documents for identity verification, authority checks or legal security.

11.3 Operator’s Review Authority

Where submitted information or documents are inconsistent, there is suspicion of fraud, identity cannot be verified, a court decision or official-authority request exists, or obligations arise from applicable law, the Operator may refuse to update the Ownership record, request additional information or hold the transaction pending completion of the review.

11.4 Transactions by Third Parties

In disputes arising from transactions carried out because the User allows third parties to use the User’s account or fails to secure account information, the Operator’s liability shall be assessed under this Policy and the other legal documents, without prejudice to mandatory provisions of applicable law.

11.4.1 Responsibility of the Parties

The legal and financial consequences of sales or transfers carried out outside the Platform belong entirely to the transaction parties. The Operator is not responsible for the sale price, whether payment was made, performance of the contract, defects, receivables, debts or other disputes between the parties.

11.5 Court and Official-Authority Decisions

Where there is a court decision, official-authority decision or obligation arising from applicable law, the Operator may update or restrict Ownership records and Digital Certificate records accordingly or take other necessary action.

11.6 Consequences of an Invalid Transfer

A transfer determined to be invalid or unauthorized does not create rights against the Operator. Following the necessary review, the Operator may correct the records, update the relevant Ownership record or apply other legal and technical measures.

Section 12 — Electronic Records and Evidentiary Value

12.1 Electronic Records

Ownership records, Asset ID records, Ownership ID records, Digital Certificate records, verification records, transaction history and other electronic system records created by the Operator may be used as evidence in legal disputes to the extent permitted by applicable law.

12.2 Record History

The Operator may retain record history relating to Ownership changes, Digital Certificate updates and other system transactions for security, verification, audit and fulfillment of legal obligations. Retention of these records does not mean that the original digital file is retained, recreated or redelivered.

12.3 Review and Verification

In the event of a dispute, verification request or legal review, the Operator may examine electronic records and share them with authorized persons or authorities within the framework of applicable law.

12.4 Evidentiary Nature

Electronic records do not, by themselves, constitute absolute proof of title and are assessed together with other evidence under applicable law.

12.5 Technical and Security Records

The Operator may create technical records for system security, error detection, audit, fraud prevention, secure operation of the service and fulfillment of legal obligations, and may retain them for the period permitted by applicable law.

12.6 Security of Records

The Operator applies reasonable technical and administrative measures to protect the integrity and security of electronic records. Subject to mandatory law, the Operator is not liable for data loss caused by force majeure, unlawful acts of third parties or events outside the Operator’s reasonable control.

Section 13 — System Continuity and Technical Changes

13.1 Development of the System

The Operator reserves the right to develop, update or change the Digital Certificate system, Ownership record system, verification methods, security infrastructure and other technical components.

13.2 Effect of Technical Changes

Unless expressly stated in this Policy or the other legal documents, changes to technical infrastructure do not, by themselves, eliminate the User’s registered ownership (Ownership) or recognized rights of use.

13.3 Verification Methods

The Operator may change the methods used to verify Digital Certificates, security measures and technical processes or introduce new verification methods.

13.4 Service Continuity

The Operator may temporarily suspend or restrict all or part of the Digital Certificate system due to system security, maintenance, updates, technical failure, force majeure or legal obligations. The Operator shall exercise necessary care to complete such actions within a reasonable period.

13.5 Future Technological Developments

The provisions of this Policy apply not only to existing technologies but also to future systems and technologies performing the same legal or technical function.

13.6 Protection of Rights

Technical changes under this Section do not, by themselves, change the nature of authorship, copyright, registered ownership (Ownership) or other legal statuses expressly regulated in this Policy.

Section 14 — Limits of Liability

14.1 Nature of the Record System

The Operator exercises reasonable technical and administrative care to operate the Digital Certificate and Ownership record system within the framework of applicable law. Subject to mandatory law, however, the Operator does not guarantee uninterrupted or error-free operation of the system.

14.2 Off-Platform Transactions

Sales, transfers, payments or other legal transactions carried out outside the Platform are entirely the responsibility of the transaction parties. The Operator is not a party to such transactions and, subject to mandatory law, is not liable for disputes arising from them. Such disputes are resolved between the parties.

14.3 Original Digital File

After initial delivery of the original digital file has been completed, the Operator is not obliged to recreate, redeliver, reopen for download or permanently retain the file unless expressly undertaken under this Policy or the other legal documents.

14.4 Third-Party Services

Where third-party services are used for Ownership transfer, verification or other transactions, the Operator is not liable, subject to mandatory law, for interruptions or delays arising from the technical infrastructure of those services.

14.5 Force Majeure

Subject to mandatory law, the Operator is not liable for delays or service interruptions caused by natural disasters, war, terrorist acts, epidemics, electricity or internet outages, cyberattacks, decisions of public authorities or similar events outside its reasonable control.

14.6 Reserved Rights

Nothing in this Section eliminates consumer rights that cannot be limited under mandatory law or the Operator’s statutory obligations.

Section 15 — Final Provisions

15.1 Application Together with Other Legal Documents

This Policy applies together with the Terms of Use, Distance Sales and Digital Collectible Delivery Agreement, Intellectual Property & Licensing Policy, Privacy Policy, Cookie Policy, Payment Policy and other legal documents published by the Operator. Matters not regulated in this Policy are governed by the relevant legal documents and applicable law.

15.2 Severability

If any provision of this Policy becomes wholly or partially invalid, void or unenforceable, this does not affect the validity of the remaining provisions. The invalid provision shall be replaced by the arrangement most appropriate to applicable law and the purpose of the provision.

15.3 No Waiver

The Operator’s failure or delay in exercising any right under this Policy may not be interpreted as a waiver of that right.

15.4 Assignment and Succession

The Operator may transfer its rights and obligations under this Policy to successors within the framework of applicable law in connection with a merger, demerger, restructuring, business transfer or similar legal transaction. The User may transfer rights and obligations arising from this Policy or Registered Ownership (Ownership) only in accordance with this Policy, the other legal documents and the procedures and principles determined by the Operator. This provision does not prevent Registered Ownership (Ownership) from being transferred under the rules set out in this Policy.

15.5 Entry into Force

This Digital Certificate & Ownership Policy enters into force on the date it is published on the Platform and remains in force until a new version is published.